Pofuna kukulitsa moyo wa alumali wa chakudya, kuwonjezera pa chakudya chophika ndi chakudya chowumitsidwa ndi mpweya, ambiri a iwo amagwiritsa ntchito kuphika, kutseketsa, kuzizira ndi kuyika vacuum, ndipo ena amawonjezera zowonjezera zowonjezera.Komabe, ngakhale njirayi imatha kukulitsa moyo wa alumali, chakudyacho chimataya kukoma kwake kwachilengedwe komanso kukoma kwake.Ndi chitukuko chofulumira chaukadaulo wolongedza chakudya, kugwiritsa ntchito makina opangira zida zosinthidwa m'mlengalenga kusungitsa chakudya kumatha kukulitsa moyo wa alumali wa chakudya, kutsekereza michere yazakudya, ndikusunga kukoma kwachilengedwe.
Zimamveka kuti makina osinthira mpweya (makina a MAP) makamaka amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosinthika wosunga mlengalenga kuti alowe m'malo mwa mpweya mu phukusili pogwiritsa ntchito gasi wosakanizidwa woteteza.Chifukwa cha maudindo osiyanasiyana omwe amachitidwa ndi mpweya woteteza zosiyanasiyana, amatha kulepheretsa kukula ndi kubereka kwa mabakiteriya ambiri ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa chakudya, komanso kuchepetsa kupuma kwa zinthu (zipatso, masamba, nsomba, nyama, etc.), kupanga Chakudyacho chikhoza kusungidwa mwatsopano, motero kuwonjezera moyo wa alumali ndi moyo wa alumalimankhwala.Nthawi zambiri, moyo wa alumali wa chakudya umakulitsidwa kuchokera ku tsiku limodzi mpaka masiku opitilira 8.
Masiku ano, kugwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira osinthika akuchulukirachulukira, kuyambira zipatso, ndiwo zamasamba, nyama, masamba okongoletsedwa, pickles, zinthu zam'madzi, makeke, zida zamankhwala, ndi zina zambiri, motero kuonetsetsa kuti mwatsopano ndi wabwino cha chakudya.Pakati pawo, pamene anthu amayang'anitsitsa ubwino wa nyama, nyama yozizira yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pakudya nyama.kuchulukitsa gawo m'misika yapakhomo ndi yakunja.Pakalipano, pogwiritsa ntchito ma CD osinthidwa m'mlengalenga kumalo ozizira atsopano a nyama, sikuti amangotsimikizira kutsitsimuka kwa nyama yozizira, komanso kuonetsetsa kuti nyamayo ili yabwino komanso yotetezeka.
Ndizowona kuti ziyenera kudziwidwa kuti mfundo zazikuluzikulu zaukadaulo pakugwiritsa ntchito zida zosinthidwa zamlengalenga ndizo, choyamba, gasi.kusakaniza chiŵerengero, ndipo chachiwiri ndi kusakaniza gasi m'malo.Malinga ndi akatswiri ogwira ntchito zaukadaulo, mpweya wosungira muzosunga zosungiramo mlengalenga nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mpweya woipa, mpweya, nayitrogeni ndi mpweya wochepa.Mipweya yosinthidwa ndi zakudya zosiyanasiyana komanso chiŵerengero cha kusakaniza kwa gasi ndizosiyana.Mwachitsanzo, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba nthawi zambiri zimalowa m'malo mwa mpweya muzotengera ndi mpweya, carbon dioxide ndi mpweya wina.
Osati kokha, ndende ya osiyana mpweya wosanganiza ayenera kukhala mu chiŵerengero, osati kwambiri kapena otsika kwambiri, apo ayi izo osati adzalephera kusunga kutsitsimuka kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, komanso imathandizira kuwonongeka kwa chakudya.Nthawi zambiri, chiŵerengero cha mpweya wa okosijeni ndi 4% mpaka 6%, ndi carbon dioxide concentration ratio ndi 3% mpaka 5%.Ngati ndende ya okosijeni m'malo ndi otsika kwambiri, kupuma kwa anaerobic kudzachitika, kuchititsa nayonso mphamvu ya zipatso za lychee ndi necrosis ya minofu;Tikawonetsetsa, ngati mpweya ndende ndi mkulu ndi mpweya woipa ndi otsika, kagayidwe wa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba adzachepa, kufupikitsa alumali moyo.
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Poyerekeza ndi zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, makina osindikizira omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pophika chakudya chophika amakhala ndi chiŵerengero chapamwamba cha gasi wosakanizidwa wosakanizidwa mwatsopano.Mwachitsanzo, mpweya woipa ndi 34% mpaka 36%, nayitrogeni ndi 64% mpaka 66%, ndipo mpweya wolowa m'malo ndi ≥98%.Chifukwa chakudya chophika chimatha kuswana mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono pansi pa kutentha kwabwino ndikufulumizitsa kuwonongeka ndi kuwonongeka, pogwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira amlengalenga kuti asinthe kuchuluka kwa mpweya wosakanikirana, makamaka mpweya, akhoza kuchepetsa mpweya wa okosijeni ndikuchepetsa kubereka kwa mabakiteriya. (anaphylactica).(kupatula mabakiteriya a aerobic), potero kukwaniritsa cholinga chosunga kutsitsimuka kwa zakudya zophikidwa.
Kuphatikiza apo, ogwiritsa ntchito akamasakaniza gasi ndikusintha, ayenera kudzaza ndikusintha molingana ndi zosakaniza zosiyanasiyana.Nthawi zambiri, zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba zimadzazidwa makamaka ndi mpweya wosungidwa wosungiramo mpweya wokhala ndi O2, CO2 ndi N2;Mipweya yosungiramo zakudya zophikidwa nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi CO2, N2 ndi zinampweya;pamene kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zophikidwa makamaka ndi mildew, ndipo kuteteza kumafuna kuchepetsa mpweya, kuteteza mildew ndi kusunga kukoma., mpweya wosungirako umapangidwa ndi CO2 ndi N2;kwa nyama yatsopano, mpweya wosinthidwa wa mpweya umapangidwa ndi CO2, O2 ndi mpweya wina.
Komabe, ndiyenera kunena kuti ngakhale makina osindikizira osinthidwa amatha kuwonjezera moyo wa chidebe ndi alumali moyo wa zosakaniza, malo osungiramo zinthu zosiyanasiyana amakhudzanso moyo wawo wa alumali.Alumali moyo wa kusinthidwa mlengalenga ma CD anatsimikiza zochokera zosiyanasiyana ndi mwatsopano zosakaniza, monga sitiroberi, lychees, yamatcheri, bowa, leafy masamba, etc. Ngati otsika chotchinga filimu ntchito, alumali moyo wa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba. pa 0-4 ℃ ndi masiku 10-30.
Pazakudya zophikidwa, pambuyo pa kusinthidwa kwa mlengalenga, moyo wawo wa alumali ndi wopitilira masiku 5-10 pansi pa 20 ℃.Ngati kutentha kwakunja kumakhala kochepa, moyo wa alumali ndi masiku 30-60 pa 0-4 ℃.Ngati wogwiritsa ntchito akugwiritsa ntchito filimu yotchinga kwambiri ndiyeno amagwiritsa ntchito njira ya pasteurization (pafupifupi 80 ° C), moyo wa alumali udzakhala woposa masiku 60-90 kutentha.Zindikirani kuti ngati kusinthidwa kwapang'onopang'ono kumagwiritsidwa ntchito pamodzi ndi teknoloji yotetezera zachilengedwe, zotsatira zabwino zotetezera zingatheke, ndipo moyo wa alumali wa zosakaniza ukhoza kukhala wautali.
M'malo mwake, ukadaulo wosintha mumlengalenga wagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kuteteza kutsitsimuka kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana yazakudya, kuwonjezera moyo wa alumali wazakudya, ndikuwonjezera mtengo wowonjezera wa chakudya.Ili ndi mwayi waukulu wamsika m'tsogolomu.Komabe, ogwiritsa ntchito akuyenera kuganizira mfundo ziwiri zazikulu akamagwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira amlengalenga.M`pofunika molondola kulamulira kusanganikirana chiŵerengero cha mpweya zosiyanasiyana, ndi kudzaza lolingana kusinthidwa mlengalenga ma CD mpweya malinga ndi zosakaniza zosiyanasiyana, ndi kuchita mpweya kusanganikirana ndi m`malo, kuti bwino kuwonjezera alumali moyo ndi kutsitsimuka nthawi zosakaniza zosiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-23-2023
