Kugwiritsa ntchito zakudya zatsopano ndi chilengedwe cha nyengo ndi nthaka, kunyamula, kuyika, kuyika, kunyamula ndi kuyendayenda ndi malo oyendera (kutentha ndi chinyezi, magawo ogwirira ntchito a cushioning pad ndi zonyamula zonyamula, zida zoyendera, mayendedwe amsewu, kugwedezeka pafupipafupi), njira yogulitsa. ndi zinthu zina zonse zimagwirizana.Pakati pawo, ukadaulo wonyamula katundu ndi mayankho amadutsa munjira yonse yoperekera zakudya zatsopano, ndipo amatenga gawo lofunikira pakusunga chakudya.Ukadaulo wopaka - ukadaulo wosinthika wapakatikati walowa pang'onopang'ono pagulu la masomphenya.
Chanindi MAP?
Zosintha zam'mlengalenga: sinthani kapangidwe ka gasi mkati mwa phukusi ndikulowetsa mpweya, ndiko kuti, kuwonjezera kapena kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa mpweya mumlengalenga wamkati kapena kutulutsa mpweya wina, kuti chakudya chamkati chikhale chosiyana ndi mawonekedwe a mpweya. (mpweya kwenikweni zikuchokera chiŵerengero: nayitrogeni 78%, mpweya 21%, mpweya woipa 0.031%, osowa mpweya 0.939%, mpweya wina ndi zosafunika 0.03%) chilengedwe, poletsa ndi kufooketsa kupanga mankhwala kapena zam'chilengedwe zimachitikira chakudya mu dongosolo kuti mukwaniritse kutsitsimuka kwa chakudya Ndi kuwonjezera moyo wa alumali, zigawo za mpweya zomwe zili mkati mwa chidebe cholongedza nthawi zambiri zimakhala chimodzi kapena zitatu.Kuphatikiza apo, njira ina yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zambiri muzakudya zatsopano - ukadaulo wonyamula vacuum umatchedwanso kuti decompression ma CD.M'lingaliro lopapatiza, kuyika kwa vacuum sikuli kunthambi yosinthira mlengalenga, koma ndi gawo laukadaulo wazonyamula, ndipo yakhala yodziyimira pawokha ndikuzama komanso kusinthika kwaukadaulo.Pambuyo pochotsa mpweya mu chidebe choyikamo, mkati mwa chidebecho mumafika pa digiri ya vacuum yokonzedweratu, ndiyeno chidebecho chimatsekedwa.Koma mwachiwonekere, kuyika kwapang'onopang'ono kosinthidwa kumaphatikizanso ndi vacuum phukusi.
Mipweya itatu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapaketi osinthidwa amlengalenga
Choyamba, njira zodziwira ngati zakudya zatsopano ndi zatsopano kapena zowonongeka pamoyo watsiku ndi tsiku makamaka zimaphatikizapo "kuwona, kumva ndi kufunsa".Yang'anani: onani mtundu ndi maonekedwe a chakudya;kununkhiza: kununkhiza fungo la chakudya;funsani: funsani zambiri za chakudya;kudula: kukhudza chakudya kuti uweruze kukhulupirika kwake.Njirazi zimawonekera kwambiri pogulitsa ndi kubweretsa zakudya zatsopano, ndiko kuti, kuzindikira anthu.Ponena za ukadaulo wophatikizira wapadziko lapansi, mpweya wolowa m'malo wamkati umaphatikizapo mpweya woipa, carbon monoxide, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfure dioxide, ndi zotsatira za kafukufuku zomwe zilipo zikuwonetsa kuti argon ena amatha kusankhidwa mulingo woyenera pazinthu zina zatsopano.Komabe, mipweya itatu yogwiritsiridwa ntchito mofala m’malo mwa chakudya chatsopano ikadali: nitrogen, oxygen, ndi carbon dioxide.Chiŵerengero chapadera, kaya chimakhalapo, ndipo ntchito mu zigawo zitatu zonsezi zidzasintha ndi maonekedwe a thupi la chakudya chatsopano ndi zifukwa zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka.
Oxygen.Kawirikawiri, mpweya umagwirizana kwambiri ndi kupuma.Kukhalapo kwa okosijeni m'mapaketi osinthidwa amlengalenga kumatanthauza kutsekemera kwa chakudya komanso kuberekana kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ta aerobic, zomwe sizili bwino pakuwonongeka kwa chakudya ndipo ziyenera kuchotsedwa pagawo la mpweya.Ntchito yamadzi Aw ya chakudya ikufotokozedwa apa.Ntchito yamadzi imayesa mamolekyu amadzi aulere m'zakudya, omwe ndi omwe amapereka kupulumuka ndi kuberekana kwa mabakiteriya ndi tizilombo tating'onoting'ono.Zomwe zimayambitsa kuwonongeka kwa chakudya ndi momwe zimachitikira, ma enzymatic reaction, ndi kukula kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono ndi kubereka komwe kumachitika mkati mwake.Choncho, kulepheretsa ntchito ya madzi kudzayendetsa bwino chakudya.Pazakudya zomwe zimakhala ndi madzi pansi pa 0,88, deoxygenation imatha kukulitsa moyo wa alumali;komanso pazakudya zatsopano zomwe zimakhala ndi madzi ambiri, kutulutsa mpweya kumathandizanso kuti pakhale kutsitsimuka.Komabe, okosijeni ndi chinthu chinanso pazakudya zatsopano za nkhuku.
In mpweya woipakusinthidwa mpweya ma CD luso, mpweya woipa ndi mpweya wofunika ntchito kuteteza chakudya.Lili ndi mphamvu yolepheretsa nkhungu ndi michere, ndipo imakhala ndi "poizoni" pa mabakiteriya a aerobic, koma imakhala ndi zotsatira zoipa pa yisiti ndi aspergillus wofiira.Kutenga Cladomyces, Aspergillus, Penicillium softening, ndi Aspergillus monga zitsanzo, pamene ndende ya carbon dioxide ifika pafupifupi 10%, kuchuluka kwa kubalana kwa atatu oyambirira kumasonyeza kutsika komveka bwino;Kuchulukitsa kwa Aspergillus kunali kotsika kuposa 5%, pomwe mtengo wotsetsereka wa Aspergillus udachepetsedwa kwambiri pambuyo poti ndendeyo idafika 10%, ndipo kuletsa kwa ndende pa kubereka kwake kunali kochepa.
Nayitrogeni.Nayitrogeni palokha ilibe cholepheretsa kukula kwa tizilombo tating'onoting'ono muzakudya zilizonse zatsopano muzotengera zosinthidwa za mlengalenga, ndiye kuti, ilibe ntchito monga kusungirako mwatsopano ndi antisepsis, ndipo nthawi yomweyo imakhala yopanda vuto ku chakudya chokha ndipo sichingafulumire. kuwonongeka kwake.Ntchito ya nayitrogeni apa ikuwonetsedwa mu mfundo ziwiri: 1) kuchepetsa kwathunthu mpweya wotsalira mu zigawo za mpweya mkati mwa phukusi.2) Konkire "Lamulo la DuPont": ngati mpweya woipa umatengedwa mosavuta ndi chinyezi ndi mafuta m'zakudya ndipo phukusi limakhala lofewa ndikugwa, nayitrogeni ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chodzaza kuti phukusi losindikizidwa losindikizidwa likhale lodzaza, lokongola komanso lolunjika. Chokulirapo, kotero kuti chikhoza kukopa chidwi cha ogula mwachangu pakugulitsa, kupanga chikhumbo chogula, ndikukwaniritsa zotsatira zolimbikitsa malonda.Kuonjezera apo, pali mfundo zingapo zowonjezera: 1) Sizingatheke kukwaniritsa malo opanda mpweya mkati mwa phukusi.2) Mphamvu ya carbon dioxide pa kusunga chakudya chatsopano ndi yochepa.3) Chifukwa chake, njira yeniyeni yogwiritsira ntchito makonzedwe osinthidwa amlengalenga pazakudya zatsopano nthawi zambiri amafunikira kuphatikizidwa ndi unyolo wozizira (kutengera mpweya ndi malo otsika kutentha) kuti akwaniritse bwino.
Artificial modified atmosphere packaging technology
Choyamba, chinsinsi cha kapangidwe ka mpweya ndikusunga malo okhala ndi mpweya wambiri wa carbon dioxide ndi mpweya wochepa (nthawi zambiri 1% -6%).Mpweya wochepa wa mpweya ukhoza kulepheretsa kupuma kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba popanda kutulutsa mpweya wa anaerobic (kuwira);mkulu-ndende mpweya woipa (nthawi zambiri 1% -12%, sipinachi, phwetekere mpaka 20%) akhoza passivate kupuma kwake, koma kamodzi chiŵerengero Kuposa muyezo zidzachititsa "poizoni" ndi kuwonongeka kwa zomera zomera, kotero yeniyeni chiŵerengero dongosolo. zimadalira makhalidwe a zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba.Kuonjezera apo, kuchepetsa kutentha kwa yosungirako kumapindulitsanso kuchepetsa kupuma kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, koma kawirikawiri sikuyenera kukhala pansi pa 0 ° C;Kupanda kutero, chodabwitsa cha "kuvulala kozizira ndi kuvulala kozizira" kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndizofunikanso pakuwongolera kutentha.
Poyerekeza ndi umisiri wopangidwa ndi anthu, chilengedwe chosinthidwa chachilengedwe chimakhala ndi chiwopsezo chachikulu chogwiritsa ntchito chilengedwe.Chinsinsi chagona pakuchita filimu yosankha yopumira, yomwe imadziwika ndi kugwiritsa ntchito kudzaza kosagwira ntchito.Kugwiritsa ntchito kupuma kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba ndi kusankha permeation (njira ziwiri) osiyana mpweya ndi filimu, ndi mkati chilengedwe ndi mkulu ndende ya mpweya woipa ndi otsika ndende ya mpweya basi anapanga.Ndondomeko Yachindunji: Pambuyo polongedza katunduyo, chifukwa cha kupuma kwa zipatso ndi ndiwo zamasamba, mpweya wamkati wamkati umachepa ndipo gawo la carbon dioxide limawonjezeka, zomwe zimalepheretsa kupuma.Kenako, pamene mkati mpweya woipa ndende ndi okwera kwambiri, kusankha permeation ntchito ya filimuyo (kuthekera kwake kuti alowe mpweya woipa ndi 5 kwa 10 nthawi zazikulu kuposa mphamvu ya mpweya) adzalowa kwambiri mkati mpweya woipa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo. nthawi kudutsa pang'ono mpweya kunja, kusunga bwino ndende ya zigawo mkati mpweya kukwaniritsa mwatsopano kuteteza zotsatira.Zipangizo zamakanema zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pamapaketi osinthidwa amlengalenga ziyenera kukhala ndi zotchingira mpweya wabwino komanso zotchingira chinyezi kuti zisunge mpweya wabwino komanso kukhazikika mkati.Kuwonjezera pa mfundo ziwiri zomwe zili pamwambazi, zofunikira zogwirira ntchito zakuthupi makamaka zimaphatikizapo kusindikiza kutentha (kutentha kwakukulu kwa kutentha ndi kusindikiza kosavuta kutentha kuti zitsimikizire mphamvu yosindikiza);kuteteza kuwonongeka panthawi ya ndondomeko);kuwonekera (zamkatimu zitha kuwonedwa kudzera mufilimuyo, kupereka ntchito zowunikira ndi kugulitsa);ntchito zina zofunika (malinga ndi mawonekedwe a chakudya chatsopano kuti mudziwe ngati zinthuzo zili ndi katundu monga kukana mafuta ndi kusunga fungo) .Kusankhidwa kosankhidwa kwa zinthu zachilengedwe zosinthidwa mumlengalenga pano kumagwirizananso ndi makulidwe a filimu ndi kutentha, ndipo lamulo lalikulu ndi
Kuti tichite mwachidule, zoyambira pakugwiritsa ntchito makina osinthidwa amlengalenga:
1) Gwirani katundu ndi kusintha kwa chakudya chatsopano mkati kuti mudziwe kuchuluka kwa mpweya ndi ndende;
2) Kuwongolera kutentha kosungirako kwa chakudya;
3) Imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazakudya zatsopano zosiyanasiyana komanso nyimbo zamagesi Zida zofunika.
Nthawi yotumiza: Nov-30-2022
